Gut health has huge implications for longevity and could hold the key to improving cognition, immunity and healthy aging.
You are not alone… in fact you have more than 100 trillion companions residing in your gut forming the microbiome. As Dr Anna Modelska-Ziółkiewicz, an endocrinologist and expert in antiaging medicine at the Longevity Center, explains, the 100 trillion microorganisms represent an “intricate community” that includes bacteria, viruses and fungi.
“These microorganisms are fundamental to our health, aiding in digestion, vitamin production, and immune defense,” Modelska-Ziółkiewicz explains. “As we age, the diversity of our gut microbiome tends to decline, often leading to a decrease in beneficial bacteria. This shift can result from various factors like changes in diet, decreased mobility, and the use of medications.”
The relationship between the human host and the microbiome inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract has been the subject of significant scientific attention, particularly in relation to healthspan and longevity.
Research has shed light on the nuanced dynamics of this microbial community, revealing its central role in regulating physiological processes and beyond its established role in digestive health, the microbiome is increasingly recognized for its influence on broader biological aspects, such as cognition and immunity.
Modelska-Ziółkiewicz explains that the gut is central to our overall well-being, being responsible for absorbing nutrients and synthesizing key vitamins and neurotransmitters.
A significant portion of the body’s immune cells are in the gut, says Modelska-Ziółkiewicz, making it a major component of our immune system.
The microbiome influences how these cells respond to threats. An imbalance in the gut microbiome can cause a heightened inflammatory response, which can weaken the immune system and increase the risk of infection and autoimmune diseases.
The gut-brain axis is a busy one, involving hormonal, neural and immunological pathways, potentially affecting everything from mood to cognitive functions. She adds that research has suggested links between gut microbiome imbalances and neurological conditions, such as depression, anxiety and Alzheimer’s disease.
Modelska-Ziółkiewicz says there are several diagnostic tools available. “Stool tests can reveal a lot about bacterial composition and health, breath tests can identify overgrowths, and blood tests can detect markers of inflammation or other gut health issues,” she explains.
“Diet plays a significant role; a diverse diet rich in fiber, fruits, vegetables, and fermented foods supports a healthy microbiome,” she explains. “Additionally, the use of probiotics and prebiotics can help. Lifestyle factors like exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management also contribute to a healthy gut. It’s important to be cautious with antibiotics, as they can disrupt the delicate balance of the gut microbiome.”
